Metal-working machine.



E. RIVETT.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPUCATION FILED JUNE 17. 19M. RENEWED AUG. 23. 1916.

1,198,771 Patented Sept. 19,1916.

4 S HEETSSHEET I.

\ S Wfapesses. InvenTor.

f}. f/lmm Edward RiveII Amy's.

E. mvm.

METAL WORKING MACHINE. 1 APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17. I914. RENEWED AUG.23 1916.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Fig.2.

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\nv enIor. Edward R We" AIIys.

YMWHW E. RIVETT. METAL WORKING MACHINE.

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m W m m 11 E w 8 m s 9 4 8 1 F w m 1., l m m B EDWARD RIVETT, 0F HULL,MASSACHUSETCLS.

METAL-WORKING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 1%, 1916.

Application filed June 17, 1814, Serial No. 845,733. Renewed August 23,1916. Serial No. 116,411.

lowing description, in connection with the.

accompanying drawing, is a specification, like characters on thedrawingrepresenting like parts.

1111s invention relates to improvements in metal working machinesgenerally and the specific embodiment and the general teatures thereofare disclosed as applied to lathes adapted for accurate work.

The general objects of the invention are to provide a machine of rigidstructure in vhich the accurate alinement ot' the operative parts may beaccurately maintained, the wearing away of the relatively movable partsreduced to a minimum and means provided whereby they maybe adjusted tocompensate for such wear as may take place, to provide means forpreventing accident to the relatively movable parts and in the specificembodiment shown herein to provide machine adapted to perform withincreased accuracy a variety of operations such as turning, screw threadcutting, ball turning, taper turning or screw threading, etc.

Another feature of the invention is to provide a three point supportingmeans for the machine bed which will prevent any twisting strain uponthe bed of the machine when it is set up notwithstanding irregularitiesin the floor upon which the machine rests.

Other objects of the invention and the various novel improvements indetail will more fully appear from the following description and theaccompanying draw ngs and will be iiully pointed out in the an-' nexedclaims.

In the drawings; Figure 1 1s a iront elevation of a lathe embodying thepreferred forms of my invention, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view onlines 22 Fig. 1 through the center of the carriage and bed, Fig. 3 is aplan view of the parts shown in Fig. 2 partly broken away to show thefeeding mechanism for the cross slide or tool carriage, Fig. a is adetail sectional view on lines Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a sectional view onlines 55 Fig. 1 showing the hand operating mechanism for the carriage,Fig. 6 is a sectional view on lines 6 6 Fig. 1 show ing the automaticcarriage feeding mechanism, and the means for throwing the same intooperative relation or releasing the same and looking it out of operativerelation to permit the manipulation of the carriage by hand, Fig. 7 is asectional view showing in detail the automatic and manually operatedconnections to the main teed screw, Fig. 8 is a similar view on lines8-8 Fig. 1 showing the connection of the carriage driving mechanism tothe screw cutting feed, Fig. 9 is a sectional view on lines 9-9 Figs. 1and 8 showing the tail stock in elevation, Fig. 10 is a detail of theadjusting mechanism for the tail StOCl, Fig. 11 is a detail sectionalview of the clamping means for holding the automatic driving mechanismfrom rotation when the carriage is being manipulated by hand, F ig. 12is a detail sectional view showing the means for throwing the automaticdriving mechanism for the carriage into and out of operation, Fig. 13 isa sectional view through a. portion of the head stock, Fig. 1 1 is adetail sectional view of one of the three point connections between thebody and its support, and Fig. 15 is a detail sectional view of theother two of the three point connections between the body and itssupport.

in the preferred embodiment of the in vention illustrated herein thelathe bed 1 is of a peculiar construction as will hereinafter appear andis provided with a head stock 2 cast integrally therewith to provide amore rigid construction than in the usual form of lathe. In order toprovide means for easily setting up the machine upon the floor of theshop which may be more or less irregular a three point support isprovided comprising a single leg 3, desirably supporting the head end ofthe lathe and a pair of legs a l supporting the tail end of the lathe,

' these legs being desirably attached to the under side of the bed byuniversal joints of novel construction as will hereinafter more fullyappear.

The lathe bed comprises a horizontal fiat portion 5 adapted to carry thetail stock and carriage of the machine there being depending webs 6 and7, the web 7 being provided at its upper portion with a forwardlyextending thickened member 8 adapted to support the mechanism upon whichthe carriage is mounted and also to provide a backing for the screwwhich actuates the carriage for screw threadin The lower portion of theweb 7 is desirably extended forwardly so that its upper face lies in theplane of the forward face of an extension 8, the webs 6 and 7 beingconnected by a series of bracing webs 9 to give strength and rigidity tothe frame.

In the use of lathes, short stock is more often operated upon than longstock and by the short travel of the carriage in operating upon theshort stock the relatively moving surfaces between the lathe bed and thecarriage become worn so that when long stock is placed in the machinemore or less irregularity in the turning or cutting of the stock iscaused by the carriage riding from the worn part to the unworn part.

One of the principal objects of this invention is to so mount thecarriage that it will have a bearing upon the bed which will prevent theirregular wearing away of a section of the bed and consequently avoidthis very serious defect. To accomplish this purpose I have provided acylindrical support for the carriage of long dimensions which in thepreferred form shown herein comprises a cylindrical steel shaft 10partially embedded in the upper surface of the thickened extension 8 ofthe bed 5, said shaft being secured therein from movement by means ofscrews 11 or other suitable fastenings. This shaft 10 is desirablyconstructed of hardened steel, and is ground absolutely true.

The carriage is desirably a built up con struction comprising a mainplate 12 having a cylindrical concaved recess 13 adapted to engage thehardened steel shaft 10, there being extensions 1 1 and 15 from saidmain por tion 12 extending longitudinally of the shaft to give a longbearing upon the same. By thus mounting or pivotally and slidablyhinging the carriage upon a single cylindrically curved bearing memberthe greatest accuracy in alinement may be obtained, since the bearingmember may be made with absolute accuracy and so supported in the bedthat its axis will lie throughout within or parallel to, the plane ofthe axis of rotation of the work holding chuck. The shaft 10 extends asuitable distance beyond the inner end of the head stock, the head stockbeing overhung to permit this arrangement, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

It will be observed that by this construction there will be littletendency for the carriage or shaft to wear, even though short stock isoperated upon more frequently than long stock, in order, however, toprovide means for taking up any wear which may take place, and also toprovide means for supporting the mechanism for actuating the controllingor driving means for the carriage, I have provided a depending member 16secured to the forward under face of the main portion of the carriage12, desirably provided with a plurality of strengthening ribs 17 andterminating in a rearward extension 18 which bears against the forwardface of the extension of the web 7 the con tacting faces of thedownwardly extending carriage member and the extension of web 7 beingsurfaced to provide smooth contact surfaces 19, 20 which will permit theeasy and accurate movement of the carriage longitudinally of the lathebed.

In order to take up any wear which may occur either between the shaft 10and the under portion of the main carriage member 12, or between thesurfaces 19 and 20 a cap plate 21 is provided which is secured to theextension 18 of the depending carriage member by alternately arrangedbacking and retaining screws 22, 23, said cap plate being recessed atits forward edge to receive a rib 24 extending downwardly from themember 18, the opposite or rearward edge of the cap plate being extendedupwardly and having a beveled surface 25 adapted to engage a machinedsurface 26 upon the downward extension of the web 7.

It will be obvious that the cap plate 21 which is supported upon thedepending portion of the carriage will travel with the same and that ifany wear occurs a loosening of the backing screws 22 and tightening ofthe retaining screws 23 will at once readjust the carriage into properposition.

The carriage as has been stated is of abuilt up construction desirablyso made as to provide for the automatic manipulation of the carriagelongitudinally of the lathe or the manual operation thereof; to providefor the cross feeding of the tool carriage either automatically ormanually and to provide for a circular movement adapted for turningballs, tapers, etc. To provide for these various functions the mainportion 12 of the carriage has placed upon it an intermediate plate 27to which it is secured by bolts 28. Superimposed upon the intermediatemember 27 is an upper member 29 which is provided with a recess 30adapted to receive a worm gear 31 which is secured thereto by a stud 32in the vertical plane of the center of the lathe, the stud 32 beingsecured in the intermediate plate 27. The worm gear 31 is prevented fromrotation relative to the main member 12 and intermediate member 27 bybolts 28 which extend through both these members into the under portionof said gear.

The upper member 29 of the carriage is rotatable relatively to theintermediate member 27 through the medium of a worm 33 which isjournaled in the member 29. The worm 33 engages the teeth of the wormgear 31 and may be actuated either manually by a lever 33 and suitableratchet mechanism, or automatically. lVhen the worm 33 is rotated theupper member 29 of the carriage will be caused to rotate about thepivotal stud 32 as a center so that the tool which is carried upon thecross slide mounted upon the member 29, may be suitably guided for ballturning, taper turning, etc.

The upper member 29 may be guided in its rotation by an annular rib ?Aextending from the under surface of the member 29 into a circularundercut slot in the intermediate plate 27 and may be clamped inadjusted position by bolts 3% having nuts traveling in the undercutrecess of the slot 35 and provided with heads having transverse holes toreceive a rod or other tool for tightening or loosening said bolts. Across slide or tool carriage is mounted upon the upper member 29 of themain carriage in such a manner as to provide for the cross feeding ofthe tool.

in the preferred embodiment illustrated herein the tool carriagecomprises a base member 36 curved to embrace the upper part of themember 29 of the main carriage, the tool carriage being provided withdownward extensions at each end adapted to receive a screw threadedshaft 37 to propel the tool carriage cross-wise of the lathe eithermanually or automatically as will hereinafter be described. The toolcarriage is provided with an upward extension 38 preferably castintegrally therewith and screw threaded at its upper portion to receiveany suitable holder for the tools such as that illustrated in Figs. 1and 2 of the drawing, without reference to the manner in which the maincarriage may be caused to travel longitudinally of the bed or the toolcarriage to travel transversely thereof.

Inasmuch as this lathe is adapted not only for turning but also forscrew threading I have deemed it expedient to provide two separateshafts 40 and d1 which are mounted in suitable bearings at the head andtail ends of the machine and which may be rotated through any suitablegearing and at any suitable speed by any usual form of mecha nism, (notshown). The shafts H) and ll are desirably located within the recess 42formed by the curved contour of the web 7 and are beneath the forwardextension 8 of said web being thereby protected from injury by thedropping of tools or dust and chips from the lathe. The screw threadingshaft 40 is desirably mounted in a concaved recess 43 in the underportion of the exten sion 8 whereby the shaft is afforded a backingwhich prevents its distortion.

In order to provide for the traverse 0f the carriage in screw cuttingthe downwardly extending portion 16 of the main carriage carries a halfnut 44 which is slidably mounted in a recess therein and is adapted tobe raised and lowered by means of a lever 45 pivotally mounted upon astud 46 projecting from the forward side of the carriage and secured tosaid sliding nut by a stud or bolt e7. Means such as holes 48, e9

in the carriage may be provided adapted to receive a spring plunger 50extending from said lever 45 to support the nut into or outof engagementwith the under surface of the feeding shaft 40. It will be obvious thatwhen the lever is raised into position to cause the nut to engage thethreads of the shaft %0, as shown in Fig. 9, the carriage will beadvanced by the rotation of the screw cutting feeding shaft 40 in theusual manner. it this time of course the mechanism for operating thecarriage by the screw ii is disengaged sinceit is obvious that both the.

same time.

In order to provide'for the feeding of the carriage both automaticallyand manually a special mechanism is provided whereby the hand operatingdevice may be disengaged during the automatic operation and themechanism for automatically fcecing the carriage disengaged while thesame is being driven by hand. This mechanism is further so arranged asto permit the driving of the cross feeding mechanism for the toolcarriage from the same shaft 41 which-automatically feeds the maincarriage.

Referring first to the manualfced the depending portion 16 cf thecarriage is provided with an extension 51 having a downwardly projectingstand 52 terminating in a journal 58 adapted to receive a sleeveprovided with a hand wheel the sleeve 53 of the hand wheel 55 beingsecured in said journal by a split retaining ring .sleeve 53 is keyed toa central shaft 57 eX tending through a bushing 58 in a journal 59 in tlmember 16, said shaft 5'? having upon its inner extremity a beveled (39which is adapted to engage a companion beveled gear (31 mounted upon thescrew threaded shaft 40. The outer end of the shaft 57 is provided witha knob 62 by means of which the gear 60 may be forced into ongagementwith the gear 61 or withdrawn from engagement with said gear 91 into asuitable recess 63 in the inner face of the member 16.

It will be obvious'tl at when the hand wheel is forced into engagementwith the gear 61 and is rotated the gear 61 will be caused. to rotateupon the screw threaded shaft 41 and that if he shaft 41 is maintainedstationary the carriage will be moved longitudinally of the machincyvatth's time the gear being connected to the carriage by mechanismhereinafter to be described. (See Figs. 6 and 7.)

The gear 61 is in the form of a nut having an annular recess 6 the.threads of the nut being constantly in engagement with the threads ofthe shaft ii. In order to provide for the automatic feeding. of the Thesi k

carriage by driving the shaft 41 in the usual manner it is necessarythat the gear 61 be locked against rotation. In order to accomplish thispurpose I have provided a clamping member comprising a split collar 65embracing the gear 61 within the recess 64. This split collar isdesirably of the form illustrated in Fig. 6 having downward projectionswhich are surfaced off to engage a surfaced way on the lower inclinedsurface of the web '7, the clamp being adapted to be movedlongitudinally of the bed along with the gear, as will be obvious. Theclamp .65 is provided at its forward end with diverg ing surfaces 66 and67 which are adapted to be engaged by locking members to force the clamptightly upon the gear 61 and thereby to prevent its rotation.

The preferred form of locking member as disclosed herein comprises apair of plates having beveled edges adapted toengage the surfaces 66,67, one of these locking plates 68 being slidably mounted in a recess 69in the plate 16 and secured at its lower end upon an eccentric 70carried by a stud 71 journaled in the frame 16, said stud having anoperating lever 72. The other portion of the locking member comprises aplate 73 having a beveled edge 7 adapted to engage the surface 67aforesaid, said plate being mounted upon an extension 75 of the stud,which in turn is mounted eccentrically in the end of the stud 71 inopposite relation to the eccentric 70 so that when the lever 72 isactuated to close the clamp 65 the eccentries 70 and 7 5 will act inopposite direc tions upon their respective members to cause the same toactuate the members of the clamp symmetrically.

The gear 61 is connected to the carriage by means of yoke or forkedpiece 76 which embraces the locking member and clamp aforesaid. the yokebeing mounted in a reccss 77 in the carriage and thereby connecting thegear 61 to the carriage through the parts aforesaid as shown in Figs. 6and 7.

in order to provide for the driving of the cross feeding mechanism ofthe tool carriage from the shaft which automatically feeds the maincarriage longitudinally of the lathe it is necessary to withdraw theyoke from its engagement with the gear and its clanp so that there willbe no feeding of the main carriage during the cross feedin operation;provision is made for thus di engaging the yoke by providing the samewith a stem 78 extending through the wall of the carriage 16 and havingat its outer end a pin 78 en aging a slot 79 in a lever 80 which ispivotally mounted between a pair of lugs 81 extended forwardly from thefront of the carriage member 16. The lever 80 may be of any desired formbut for convenience I have shown the same as having an outwardly turnedend provided with a in order to move the carriage manually the clamp 65is released so that the gear 61 is free to rotate upon the shaft 41. Thegear 60 is then thrown into engagement with the gear 61 by pressure uponthe knob 62 and the hand wheel 65 rotated to cause the progression ofthe carriage in either direction, at this time the feeding shaft d1being at rest.

In the embodiment of the invention shown herein the cross feed of thetool carriage is adapted to be actuated from the same shaft 11 whichserves to automatically feed the main carriage longitudinally of thelathe bed. This is accomplished through a substantially vertical shaftwhich engages a horizontally disposed gear which in turn meshes with agear in the form of a nut on the screw threaded shaft 37 which is mounted on the tool carriage 86.

Before entering into a description of the automatic driving mechanismthe nature of the tool carriage will be more fully explained. As beforestated the carriage 36 embraces and engages ways upon the sides of aprojecting upper portion of the carriage 29. The rear end of thecarriage 35 is provided with a downwardly projecting bearing 8-5 (Fig.2). The opposite or forward end of the carriage is likewise providedwith a bearin member 86 which desirably may be secured to the end of thecarriage by bolts 87. The shaft 37ismounted in the bearing members 85and S6 and extends beyond the bearing 86 to receive a hand wheel 88which may be keyed thereto in the usual manner. The hub of the handwheel 1s desirably surrounded by a collar 89 which may be provided withan annular dial 90 which may be provided with graduations 91, see Fig.3. This dial is desirably in the form of a ring held frictionally uponthe collar 89 so that it may be turned to zero at any time. The bearingmember 86 is provided with an indicator 92 by which the position of thedial 91 may be set and 7 riage by the hand wheel 88, and may be causedto rotate during the automatic actuation of the cross feed from theshaft 11, at which time the screw 3'? is locked against rotation bymeans of a clamp 91 carried in a recess in the underside of the toolcarriage 36 and is in the form of a split collar hav-' ing lips 95connected by a screw 96 having a handle 97 by which it may be rotated.

The cross feeding of the carriage 36 is effected automatically from thescrew 41 through a gear 98 carried by a vertical shaft 99 which isconnected by a knuckle joint 100 to a short shaft 101 which is journaledin the intermediate portion of the main carriage and in the Worm gearand whichcarries upon its upper end a pinion 102 which engages teeth onthe outer circumference of a gear 103 which is mounted upon the stud 32within a recess in the worm gear 30. The gear 103 is not onlyprovidedwith circumferential gear teeth but also with a series of beveled gearteeth upon its upper surface which engage with the beveled gear 93which, as before stated, is in the form of a nut and mounted upon theshaft 37. It will be obvious that when the gear 98 is in mesh with thethreads of the shaft 11 the shaft 99 will be rotated, thus in turnrotating the pinion 102, the beveled gear 103, and the gear 93 upon theshaft 37, which at this time is locked. Such rotation of the gear 93will of course cause the carriage 36 to travel crosswise of the lathebed, it being obvious that the gear 93 must be prevented fromlongitudinal movement upon the shaft 37. This is accomplished by thegear being retained in place by a block 104: (see Fig.

held in a recess 105 formed in the member 29.

In order to provide for the cross feeding of the tool carriage manuallyit is necessary to remove the gear 98 from its engagement with thethreads upon the shaft 11, this is accomplished by means of aneccentrically mounted stud 106 projecting from a disk on the short shaft107 which is mounted in the wall of the main carriage, which may bedesirably provided with a swelled portion 108 forming a pocket 109 (Fig.12) adapted to receive the gear 98 when it is withdrawn from engagementwith the shaft etl. The pin 106 engages a sleeve 110 rotatably mountedupon the shaft 99. The shaft 107 is provided with a handle 111 by whichit may be rotated in order to cause the disengagement of the gear 98from the threads of the shaft 41. The handle 111 is given a half turnwhich causes the upward and lateral movement of the sleeve 110 carryingthe end of the shaft 99 with the gear 98 into the pocket 109 aforesaid.This operation is permitted by reason of the fact that the shaft 99 isconnected by the knuckle joint 100 with the short shaft 101 whichcarries the pinion 102 which drives the pinion 103 actuating the nut 93.(See Fig. 12).

In order to prevent the shaft 99 from r0- tation, and thereby to holdthe gear 93 from rotation during the feeding of the tool carriage by thehand wheel 88, a clamp is provided for engaging the shaft 99. This clampwhich is shown in detail in Fig. 11, comprises a split collar 112, thelips of which engage lugs 113 east on the inside of the pocket 109 andprevent the collar from rotation. The lips of the collar are clampedtogether and the rotation of the shaft thereby prevented by means of ascrew 11st which may be provided with a suitable handle 115.

It will be obvious therefore, that when the hand wheel feed is to beused the gear 98 will be removed from its engagement with the shaft 11and will be locked out of engagement therewith by the clamping collar112 thus preventing the rotation of the shafts 99 and 101, the gear 103and the gear 93 which is provided with a nut engaging the shaft 37. Inorder to manually operate the cross feed the clamp 91 is loosened andthe hand wheel 88 rotated to advance or to retract the tool carriage.

One of the features of the invention comprises a novel mechanism withinthe head stock of the lathe whereby the thrust may be taken up andbinding of the rotation of the shaft which carries the chuck or faceplate may be prevented.

It has heretofore been mentioned that the head stock is desirably castintegrally with the bed, as illustrated herein the head stock comprisestwo upwardly and laterally e:; tending bosses 116 and 117 in which ismounted a hollow shaft 118 which is provided with the usual pulleys ofvarious sizes 119 and gearing 120, etc., and at its inner end with ascrew 121 adapted to receive the usual face plate. lVithin the hollowshaft the usual chuck 122 is mounted and is adapted to be extended orretracted by a screw threaded sleeve 123 which may be operated in theusual manner by a hand grip or knob 124;.

In order to take up the end thrust a sleeve 125 having a shoulderedextension 126 is mounted in the boss 1117, said sleeve being providedwith a beveled surface, desirably inclined at an angle of 15 to the axisof the shaft and which cooperates with similar surface upon an enlargedportion 128 of the driving shaft 118. These engaging surfaces maydesirably be protected from dust or dirt by a surrounding guard ring orcollar 129.

It is desirable to so distribute the thrust that it will not all comeupon the surface 127 and T have therefore provided means whereby aportion of the thrust may be otherwise transmitted to the sleeve 125.

This is accomplished by providing a flanged I collar 130 upon the shaft117, said collar 130 bein adapted to bear against a shoulder 131 uponsaid shaft at the rear of the boss The collar 130 engages ananti-friction washer 132, preferably of fiber which in turn engages theface of collar 133 the outer surface 13% of which is spherical and sings a corresponding spherical surface on as inner side of a nut 1.35 whichis socured to the sleeve 125 by screw threads 136.

It will be obvious from this construction that any heavy thrust upon thechuck or face plate which is attached to the end of the shaft 11.8 willbe transmitted through the sleeve 136, the washer 132, the collar 133and the nut 13% to the sleeve 125 thereby relieving the pressure uponthe surface 127 to a sullicient extent to prevent the binding of thesaaft in its bearings.

Another feature of the invention comprises means for verticallyadjusting the tailstock of the lathe. In order to accomplish this I haveprovided a base plate 137 or support for the tail stock having adownwardly extending substantially V-shaped portion 138 adapted to ridein a way 139 in the bed 1, this way being at the upper end of a slot 110 which extends longitudinally of the lathe bed and has undercut Wallsto receive the heads of fastening bolts 1-l1. The member 137 is providedwith a dovetailed groove 142 in which is seated a corresponding tongueprojecting downwardly from a wedge shaped member 1A3 which rests uponthe member 137. The ends of the tail stock are provided with downwardprojections or flanges 1 14 which are apertured to permit theintroduction and manipulation of screws 145 and 1 16 which are threadedinto the opposite ends respectively of the wedge shaped member 1&3. Theheads of the screws are shouldered to engage the ends 1 17, 118 of thebase plate 137.

In order to raise or to lower the tail stock it is merely necessary toadjust the wedge shaped member 1&3 longitudinally thereof and this isaccomplished by advancing one of the screws I l-5, 1-l6 and retractingthe other in the proper manner.

It has heretofore been mentioned that the lathe is desirably supportedupon a three point bearing, this is accomplished in the preferred formof the invention by providing a single leg beneath the head of thelathe, which is desirably secured thereto by means of a sphericalbearing. The leg 3 as shown in Fig. 1 is provided with a web 15 which isprovided with an aperture 151 desirably enlarged at its lower end toform a spherical seat 152 for washer 153 which rests upon the head 151-of a bolt 155 which bolt extends loosely through the aperture 1.51 andengages the bed 1. The upper surface of the web 150 is provided with acircular screw threaded recess 156 in which is seat-ed a screw threadedbearing plug 157 having an upwardly extending spherical portion 158which engages the concaved face 159 of a companion bearing plug 160which is likewise screw threaded in an aperture 161 in the under face ofthe bed.

It will be observed by reference to Figs. 1 and 1% that the bed of thelathe is supported by the spherical bearing surfaces slightly above andfree from the leg 3 so that the latter is permitted a slight adjust:ment in any direction. The illustrations above referred to show theseparation be tween these parts in exaggerated form and it is to beunderstood that only a slight adjustment is provided but which issulticient in connection with the adjustment of the other leg to permitthe proper positioning of the lathe bed even though the floor upon whichthe lathe is seated is somewhat uneven.

The leg 4 which supports the tail end of the lathe is likewise providedwith two universally adjustable bearings which may desirably be of theform illustrated in Figs. 1 and 15 in which bolts 162 pass through theflanges 163 on the bottom of the lathe bed and are screw threaded intospherical balls 170 which are seated in corresponding recesses in theweb 16 1 of the pair of legs l.

The connections between the balls and the leg are desirably effected bybearing plugs 165 circular in form, screw threaded into a correspondingrecess 166 in the web 16%, the interior of the screw-plug beingspherical in form to engage the upper surface ofthe ball to retain thesame in position. The stem of the bolt 160 is also desirably providedwith a collar 167 having a spherical surface 168 adapted to engage theball adjacent to the stem of the bolt, the opposite face 169 of thecollar being fiat and engaging the surface of the bed of the machine.This collar is sul'liciently small in diameter to permit a slightadjustment of the leg. These collars serve-to keep the leg slightlyseparated from the under surface of the bed and to permit a slightuniversal adjustment of the pair of legs l. If when the lathe is beingset up, the floor presents an irregular surface which would have atendency to twist the bed if the connections with the legs were rigid, aslight adjustment of the legs will automatically take place which willavoid the objection.

It is to be understood that the embodiment of the invention disclosedherein is illustrative merely and is not in any way restrictive of thescope of my invention. While many hand operating mechanisms have beendescribed it is to be understood that such mechanisms may be operatedautomatically, and also that means may be provided to so interlock thevarious operating mechanisms as to make them foolproof; and that otherforms of specific embodiments of the invention may be utilized Withinthe spirit of this invention and within the scope thereof as set forthin the following claims.

Having described my invention, What I desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

1. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a single bearing memberhaving a cylindrically curved bearing surface mounted on said bed, acarriage pivotally and slidably hung upon said bearing member and meansfor guiding the carriage in its sliding movement.

2. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a single cylindricalhardened bearing member adjustably mounted on said bed, a carriagepivotally and slidably hung upon said bearing member and means forguiding said carriage in its sliding movement.

3. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a single cylindricalhardened bearing member partially embedded throughout its length in saidbed, a carriage pivotally and slidably hung upon said bearing member andmeans for guiding said carriage in its sliding movement.

a. In a machine of the class described, a bed having a horizontalportion and a substantially vertical portion provided with a guideway, asingle cylindrical longitudinally disposed bearing member mounted uponthe horizontal portion of said bed, and a carriage pivotally hung uponsaid bearing member and having a depending member engaging saidguideway.

5. In a lathe comprising a bed, a head stock and a relatively movablecarriage, a single hardened cylindrical bearing member supported by saidbed and extending beyond the inner end of said head stock, acylindrically concaved and laterally extending bearing member on saidcarriage hung upon and covering said cylindrical hardened member andadapted to travel beyond the inner end of said head stock, whereby alonger bearing surface is provided, the bearing protected and localizedwear prevented.

6. A lathe comprising a bed with a hardened cylindrical bearing memberextending longitudinally thereof, a head stock integral with said bedand overhanging said bearing member, a driving shaft journaled in saidhead stock in substantially the vertical axial plane of said bearingmember, a carriage having an extended bearing surface engaging saidhardened member adapted to enage and cover said hardened bearing memberand travel beyond the inner end of the head stock.

7. A lathe comprising a bed provided with a single longitudinallydisposed hardened bearing member and having a depending guide-way, acarriage pivotally mounted on said bearing member having a dependingmember engaging said guideway, and means for adjusting said dependingmember relative to said guideway to compensate the wear.

8. A lathe comprising a bed provided with a longitudinally disposedhardened bearing member and having a depending guideway, a carriagemounted on said bearing member having a depending member and engagingsaid guideway, and means for relatively adjusting said depending memberto compensate the wear comprising a cap plate supported by said carriagehaving a beveled surface engaging a cooperating surface on the dependingmember of the bed, and means i for adjusting said cap plate.

9. A lathe comprising a bed, a carriage mounted thereon adapted to bemoved longitudinally of said bed, a curved bearing member or a webdepending from said bed providing a chamber, a recess in the wall ofsaid chamber, an operating shaft mounted in bearings in said bed andlying in said recess, whereby a backing for said shaft is provided toprevent distortion thereof.

10.- A lathe comprising a bed, a carriage mounted thereon adapted tobe'moved longitudinally of said bed, a curved bearing member or webdepending from said bed providing a chamber, a recess in the wall ofsaid chamber, a feeding shaft for said carriage mounted in bearings insaid bed and lying in said recess whereby a backing for said shaft isprovided to prevent distortion thereof, and means upon said carriageadapted to be thrown into or out of engagement with said feeding shaft.

11. A lathe comprising a bed, a carriage mounted thereon adapted to bemoved longitudinally of said bed, a curved bearing member or webdepending from said bed providing a chamber, a feeding shaft for saidcarriage for screw cutting mounted within said recess and backed by thewall thereof against distortion, a main feeding shaft in said chamber,means upon said carriage adapted to engage said screw cutting feedingshaft, alternative means upon said carriage adapted to engage said mainfeed ing shaft whereby said carriage may be reciprocated, both shaftsbeing inclosed within said chamber and protected from injury.

12. In a lathe having a bed and a carriage movably mounted thereon,means for feeding said carriage comprising a threaded feed shaft, a nutmounted thereon, means for preventing said nut from rotation comprisinga split collar mounted in a way in the bed, means for clamping saidcollar upon said nut to prevent rotation of the latter, and means uponsaid carriage adapted to be connected to or disengaged from said collar.

13. In a lathe having a bed and a carriage movably mounted thereon,means for feeding said carriage comprising a threaded feed shaft, a nutmounted thereon, means for preventing said nut from rotation comprisinga split collar having angular extensions, a slide mounted in ways insaid carriage engaging one of said extensions, an eccentric mounted insaid carriage for actuating said slide, a member eccentrically mountedin respect to the shaft of said eccentric engaging the other extensionwhereby the rotation of the shaft of said eccentric will contract saidextensions symmetrically to clamp said nut, and means upon said carriageadapted to be connected to or disengaged from said collar extensions.

14. In a lathe having a bed and a carriage movably mounted thereon,means for feeding said carriage comprising a thread ed feed shaft, a nutmounted thereon, means for preventing said nut from rotation comprisinga split collar having angular extensions, a slide mounted in ways insaid carriage engaging one of said extensions, an eccentric mounted insaid carriage for actuating said slide, a member eceentrically mountedin respect to the shaft of said eccentric engaging the other extensionwhereby the rotation of the shaft of said eccentric will contract saidextensions symmetrically to clamp said nut, and means upon said carriageadapted to be connected to or disengaged from said collar extensionscomprising a yoke embracing said sliding clamping member and engagingsaid extensions, and means for moving said yoke into and out ofengagement therewith.

15. In a lathe having a bed and a carriage movably mounted thereon,means for feeding said carriage comprising a threaded feed shaft, a nutmounted thereon having an external gear, means for connecting said gearcarrying nut to said carriage to cause the movement of the latterrelative to the bed, and means supported by the carriage to cause therotation of said gear carrying nut comprising a hand wheel mounted injournals in the carriage, a shaft slidably keyed in said hand wheelcarrying a gear adapted to be engaged with or disengaged from the gearof the nut and means upon said shaft for sliding the same longitudinallyof the axis of the hand wheel to cause said engagement or disengagement.

16. A lathe comprising a bed, a longitudinally movable carriage mountedthereon, a threaded main feeding shaft mounted in said bed and means forrotating the same, a transversely movable tool carriage or cross slide,a screw-threaded shaft rotatably mounted in said tool carriage foractuating the same, a counter shaft in two parts connected by a knucklejoint mounted in the main carriage having a pinion engaging said mainfeeding shaft and means for throwing said pinion into or out ofengagement with said main feeding shaft.

17. A lathe comprising a bed, a longitudinally movable carriage mountedthereon, a threaded main feeding shaft mounted in said bed and means forrotating the same, a transversely movable tool carriage or cross slide,a screw-threaded shaft rotatably mounted in said tool carriage foractuating the same, a counter shaft in two parts con nected by a knucklejoint mounted in the main carriage having a pinion engaging said mainfeeding shaft and means for throwing said pinion into or out ofengagement with said main feeding shaft comprising a sleeve on saidcounter shaft and a crank journaled in said carriage having a memberengaging said sleeve and means for rotating said crank.

A lathe comprising a bed, a longitudinally movable carriage mountedthereon, a threaded main feeding shaft mounted in said bed and means forrotating the same, a transversely movable tool carriage or cross slide,a screw-threaded shaft rotatably mounted in said tool carriage foractuating the same, a counter shaft in two parts connected by a knucklejoint mounted in the main carriage having a pinion engaging said mainfeeding shaft and means for throwing said pinion into or out ofengagement with said main feeding shaft a pocket in said carriageinclosing said pinion and said controlling means whereby the same areproteeted from chips, dirt and other substances.

19. A lathe comprising a bed, a longitudinally movable carriage mountedthereon, a threaded main feeding shaft mounted. in said bed and meansfor rotating the same, a transversely movable tool carriage or crossslide, a screw threaded shaft rotatably mounted in said cross slide foractuating the same, a counter shaft mounted in the main carriage havinga pinion engaging said main feeding shaft but adapted to be removed fromsuch engagement, means operable from said counter shaft to feed the toolcarriage, means lor locking the tool carriage feeding shaft fromrotation during the automatic cross feeding of the tool carriage, meansfor disengaging the countershaft from operative relation with thefeeding shaft and means for locking the same against rotation during themanual operation of cross slide.

20. A lathe having a bed, a movable carriage mounted thereon comprisinga base member, an. upper superimposed member pivotally mounted upon saidbase member in the vertical plane of the axis of the lathe and carryinga tool holder, and means for rotating said superimposed member aboutsaid pivot comprising a non-rotatable worm gear secured to said basemember and a worm mounted in said superimposed mem her in engagementwith said gear, means to rotate said worm to adjust the position of thetool holder, means to clamp said superimposed member in adjustedposition, and means located within the circumferential plane of the wormgear to actuate said tool holder when in any adjusted position.

21. A lathe having a bed, a movable car- -riage mounted thereoncomprising a base member, an intermediate member secured thereto, apivotal stud carried by said intermediate mcmber in the vertical planeof the axis of the lathe, a superimposed member rotatably mounted uponsaid intermediate member recessed to receive a gear mounted upon saidpivotal stud but secured from rotation thereon, a worm in saidsuperimposed member engaging saic gear and means to actuate the same tocause rotation of said superimposed member, a recess in said gear, acombined spur and bevel gear rotatably mounted in said recess and meansfor rotating the same, a cross slide and means engaging said beveledgear for actuating said cross slide.

22. A lathe having a bed, a movable carriage mounted thereon comprisinga base member, an intermediate member secured thereto, a pivotal studcarried by said intermediate member in the vertical plane of the axis ofthe lathe, a superimposed member rotatably mounted upon saidintermediate member recessed to receive a gear mounted upon said pivotalstud but secured from rotation thereon, a worm in said superimposedmember engaging said gear and means to actuate the same to causerotation of said superimposed member, a recess in said gear, a combinedspur and bevel gear rotatably mounted in said recess and means forrotating the same actuated from the main feed shaft for said carriage.

23. In a machine of the class described a bed, a plurality of supportinglegs connected to said bed by three universal joints, whereby said legsmay be positioned to avoid undue strain upon the bed notwithstandingirregularities in the supporting floor.

24. In a machine of the class described, a bed, a pair of united legssupporting one end of said bed connected thereto by two universaljoints, a single leg supporting the opposite end of said bed connectedthereto by a universal joint substantially as described.

25. In a machine of the class described, a universally adjustablesupporting joint for connecting adjacent members comprising a bearingplug having a spherical extension carried by one of said members, acomplementary bearing plug having a spherically concave surface toengage said spherical extension, and to maintain said members slightlyspaced apart, a bolt passing freely through one of said members and saidbearing plugs and firmly secured in the other of said members.

26. In a machine of the class described a universally adjustablesupporting joint for connecting adjacent members comprising a ballsocket in one of said members, a ball seated therein, a retaining plugfor said ball, a collar having a concave spherical surface engaging saidball and of sufficient thickness to maintain said members slightlyseparated, and a bolt extending through one member into the other memberand having screw threaded engagement with said ball.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

EDl/VARD RIVETT.

IVitnesses:

FREDERICK A. TENNANT, THOMAS J. DRUMMOND.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

